Cognitive abilities refer to a person's mental capabilities and skills related to processing information, problem-solving, memory, learning, and decision-making. These abilities are essential for daily functioning and intellectual development. Assessing cognitive abilities is often done through tests like the Woodcock-Johnson Test, which provides insights into various cognitive functions. As individuals age, certain cognitive abilities may naturally decline, but there are ways to improve and maintain them through practice, lifestyle choices, and technological aids. Understanding cognitive abilities can help identify strengths, weaknesses, and individual differences, impacting areas such as education, communication, and overall well-being